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Easter Island: Early Witnesses

George Cooke


701

tireless, anxious to please, and ready at all times, day or night, to do our bidding. Two of them, Luka and Huki, were especially useful to us. The latter was the more intelligent of the two, and was remarkably well informed regarding everything pertaining to the island. He knew the name of every point, headland, bay, etc., and his replies to our questions were given without hesitancy and so correctly, as we found by testing him, that he frequently surprised us. The writer obtained much information from him, and might have gained much more, regarding the native plants, insects, shells, etc., but unfortunately our interpreter, who had been but a short time on the island, was practically useless as a medium between us, and to understand each other's meaning was therefore most difficult. Owing to this fact, the want of facilities and conveniences for collecting and preserving specimens, and the absence of works of reference, but little could be accomplished in the particulars above mentioned.
   A source of great annoyance to us daring our trip was the hordes of flies which kept us company on the march, and then whenever we approached camp in the evening were greeted and cordially welcomed by other hordes which had been in previous possession of the locality. Many of the islands of the South Pacific are noted for the swarms of flies which infest them, one Rairoa, having been named by the navigator Schouten, 1616, Vliegen Islands by reason of the myriads which assailed and finally drove him to sea.
   Another, and in some respects even worse plague, was the fleas, which had their origin in the numerous dogs kept on the island.
   One more source of discomfort, in connection with our stay at the hospitable residence of Mr. Salmon, was the host of cockroaches which swarmed every part of the premises, measuring 2 or more inches in length, with antennæ, to correspond, and furnished with wings of a beautiful glistening brown.

TOPOGRAPHY.


   From the most reliable information obtainable it appears that the ancient name of the island was Te Pito te henua. Referring to the vocabulary it will be seen that the word Pito, in Rapa Nui signifies navel, and henua, the uterus. What association of ideas could have prompted these appellations it is, of course, difficult to imagine at the present day. The following speculations, which have occurred to the writer, are given for what they may be worth. The island is distinctly of volcanic origin, and on nearly all the hills and mountains the craters are clearly traceable, most markedly and startlingly so in the case of Rana Kao, at the southwest end. As will be seen, the craters of both volcanoes (all on the island are now extinct) are of great depth, with lakes of water at their bottoms. In the cases of the other volcanoes the craters are much more shallow, symmetrical, more evenly rounded, overgrown with grass, present a very striking and beautiful appearance

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